On a recent trip to Holkham in North Norfolk, the windswept dunes and vast beach were as beautiful as I can remember.

​I have been visiting this beach for over 40 years and in that time the coastal habitats have developed dramatically: dunes have risen in height, creating a sheltered embayment behind.  Salt marshes have developed, creating a slippery and beautiful area of intertidal vegetation.

​Throughout this period, there have been two constants: the long stretch of (usually) gentle shoreline, and the impressively forbidding line of pine forest that acts as guardian for the rear of the beach.

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